Karl Fischer titration applications
Karl Fischer titration, or KF titration, is the tried-and-tested analytical method to determine the amount of water (moisture) in samples. Our application experts have compiled numerous documents on volumetric and coulometric KF titration in various industries, such as food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, or polymers and plastics.
Use the filters to search the Karl Fischer applications by sample matrix, norm, or industry.
- AN-K-074Water content in crude oil determined with Karl Fischer titration
To determine water in crude oil, ASTM D4928 recommends coulometric Karl Fischer titration with the oven method, allowing full automation for high reproducibility.
- AN-K-039Water in penicillin-G-potassium
This application note describes the water content determination in penicillin by using volumetric Karl Fischer titration. Unwanted side reactions can be avoided by using special solvent mixtures.
- AN-K-005Water in ink
Determination of water content in ink is possible with Karl Fischer titration, as shown in this Application Note.
- AN-K-022Water in pesticide formulations
This Application Note describes the determination of water content in pesticides using Karl Fischer titration.
- WP-089Water content determination in ketones using Hydranal™ NEXTGEN FA reagents
With Hydranal™ NEXTGEN FA reagents, the water content in ketones can be determined quickly and reliably. Compared to other existing KF reagents for ketones on the market, the side reactions are measurably better suppressed.
- TA-061Two webinars on Karl Fischer titration: Fundamentals and Troubleshooting
Karl Fischer titration performs specific and precise water determinations. This is why it is numbered among the most frequently used laboratory methods throughout the world. The accompanying articles for the two webinars on basic principles and troubleshooting with respect to titration summarize certain core information that they contain, including among other subjects the handling of electrodes, the conditioning of titration cells and the significance of drift for Karl Fischer titration.
- WP-023Karl Fischer titration and near-infrared spectroscopy in perfect synergy
Metrohm has shaped moisture analysis for more than half a century. Find out about new developments in water analysis and learn how near-infrared spectroscopy in combination with Karl Fischer titration can increase your sample throughput and boost your productivity.
- AB-417Automated volumetric Karl Fischer titration
MATi 11 (MATi = Metrohm Automated Titration) is a completely configured system for water content determination in solid or liquid samples using automated volumetric Karl Fischer titration. It contains a Polytron PT 1300 D for the homogenization of the samples. Up to 53 samples are analyzed directly in 120 mL titration beakers. The samples are weighed in the titration beaker and sealed with aluminum foil and a foil holder so that they neither lose nor absorb water.
- AB-421Automated coulometric Karl Fischer titration
MATi 4 (Metrohm Automated Titration) is a configured system for automated water content determination in liquid samples using coulometric Karl Fischer titration. The maximum sample volume is 5 mL. Up to 160 samples are filled in glass vials and sealed with lids. This ensures that the water content in the samples remains constant. The samples are aspirated and transferred into the coulometric cell through a needle. The tiamo™ software controls the system.
- AB-407Automated volumetric Karl Fischer titration
This Application Bulletin provides information regarding the MATi 10 (Metrohm Automated Titration) system. MATi 10 is a completely configured system for automatic volumetric Karl Fischer titration with which the water content in liquid and solid samples can be determined. Up to 24 samples can be analyzed directly in 75 mL titration vessels. The samples are weighed into the titration vessels and covered with an aluminum foil. This prevents falsification of the water content.
