アプリケーション検索（技術資料）

Two-phase titration with potentiometric indication is a universal method for the determination of ionic surfactants in detergents. The results obtained are comparable to those with the classic two-phase titration in accordance with Epton (mixed indicator system disulfine blue / dimidium bromide). The present Bulletin addresses various parameters that could have an influence on potentiometric surfactant titration. The information provided makes it possible for the user to determine precisely the anionic surfactant content in practically all formulations.

ガス採取や気化法は原則として、加熱によってその水分を放出するあらゆるサンプルにおいて使用することができます。サンプルに測定の妨げとなる成分が含まれていることにより、またはサンプルの密度の濃さが原因で滴定容器に流入させにくいか、まったく流入させられないことによって、直接的な容量または電量によるカールフィッシャー滴定が不可能な場合には、気化法は不可欠です。既存のApplication Bulletinでは、食品工業やプラスチック工業、ならびに薬品、石油化学のサンプルを例に、気化技術とカールフィッシャー電量滴定による水分の自動測定について説明しています。

In an acidic solution (containing NH4F * HF, Al(NO3)3 / KNO3) sodium forms NaK2AlF6 which precipitates in an exothermic solution, enabling analysis by thermometric titration. Several foods were analyzed, namely bouillon, gravy, tomato ketchup, corn chips, pretzel sticks as well as crackers. The reproducibility of the results was good. After weighing in and adding solutions, samples were crushed with a polytron to ensure homogeneity in the measuring solution. Relative standard deviations were between 0.08% and 3.75%. In addition to this application bulletin, you can find more information on thermometric sodium determination in foods in our application video available on YouTube:https://youtu.be/lnCp9jBxoEs

The presented Application Bulletin describes the apparatus and methods that are used for acid-base analysis of whole blood and blood plasma by Joergensen and Stirum. Evaluation of the measured data is performed with a software sold by Komstar AG.

この Application Bulletin では、界面活性剤の滴定に使用される界面活性剤測定用電極を検査するためのメソッドについて説明しています。イオン性界面活性剤の滴定のための界面活性剤測定用電極 (Ionic Surfactant electrodes イオン性界面活性剤電極) では、TEGO®trant を用いてドデシル硫酸ナトリウム (SDS または SLS) の測定がおこなわれます。陽イオン性界面活性剤の滴定に使用される界面活性剤測定用電極 (Cationic Surfactant electrodes 陽イオン性界面活性剤電極) では、逆に SDS を用いて TEGO®trant を滴定します。非イオン性界面活性剤の滴定用の電極 (NIO surfactant electrode 非イオン性界面活性剤電極) では、テトラフェニルホウ酸ナトリウム (sodium tetraphenylborate、STPB) を用いて PEG 1000 を滴定します。電極 Surfactrode Resistant および Surfactrode Refill を検査するためには、TEGOtrant を用いて SDS を滴定します。適切な検査基準は、ポテンシャルステップの高さと滴定曲線の形状です。キーワード: NaPh4B

Sulfate can be rapidly and easily titrated thermometrically using a standard solution of Ba2+ as titrant. In industry, the widespread procedure is applied to the determination of sulfate in wet-process phosphoric acid. This bulletin deals with the determination of sulfate in granular fertilizers such as MAP (monoammonium phosphate), DAP (diammonium phosphate) and TSP (triple superphosphate). Results are reported as percentage of elemental sulfur, %S.

Sulfate can be rapidly and easily titrated thermometrically using a standard solution of Ba2+ as titrant. In industry, the widespread procedure is applied to the determination of sulfate in wet-process phosphoric acid.

The determination of the total causticizer, sodium carbonate and aluminum oxide contents in (Bayer) process liquors can be accomplished with high precision and speed by using the 859 Titrotherm in a thermometric acid-base titration. A complete titration takes approximately 5 minutes.The procedure is an automated adaptation of the traditional Watts-Utley method, and is similar to the VanDalen-Ward thermometric titration method, but with the added advantage that the analysis can also be performed for the carbonate content of the liquor.

Phosphate can be rapidly and easily titrated thermometrically using a standard solution of Mg2+ as titrant. The phosphate-containing solution is basified and buffered with NH3/NH4Cl solution before titration. The formation of insoluble MgNH4PO4 is exothermic. The method is a titrimetric adaptation of a classical gravimetric procedure. This bulletin deals with the determination of phosphate in phosphoric acid and granular fertilizers such as MAP (monoammonium phosphate), DAP (diammonium phosphate) and TSP (triple superphosphate). Results are reported as percentage of P and P2O5.

In titration, the titrant reacts with the analyte either exothermically (gives off heat) or endothermically (absorbs heat). The Thermoprobe measures the temperature change during titration. When all of the analyte has reacted with the titrant, the temperature of the solution will change, and the endpoint of the titration is indicated by an inflection in the temperature curve. Catalytically enhanced titrations using paraformaldehyde as catalyst are based on the endothermic hydrolysis of the paraformaldehyde in the presence of excess hydroxide ions. Edible oils are dissolved in a mixture of toluene and 2-propanol (1:1) and titrated with standardized TBAH (0.01 mol/L) in 2-propanol to a catalytically enhanced endpoint.

The phosphoric acid content can be easily titrated with a standardized solution of 2 mol/L NaOH. The interfering calcium content in phosphoric fertilizer can be eliminated by adding a saturated oxalate solution.

このApplication Bulletinでは、マルチモード電極での鉄の測定のための2つのメソッドについて説明しています。DMEを用いたポーラログラフィーによる測定であるメソッド1は、濃度が β(Fe) > 200 μg/L である場合に推奨されます。このメソッドにおいて線形範囲は β(Fe) = 800 μg/L 以下です。濃度 < 200 μg/L の場合HMDE を用いたボルタンメトリーによる測定であるメソッド2が推奨されます。このメソッドの検出限界は β(Fe) = 2 μg/L で、定量下限は β(Fe) = 6 μg/L です。沈殿物によってメソッドの感度が高まることはありません。鉄(II) および鉄(III) の感度は、いずれのメソッドにおいても同じです。このメソッドは、水サンプルに含まれる鉄の測定のために開発されました。例えば海水などの高濃度のカルシウムおよびマグネシウムが含まれる水サンプルでは、対応する金属水酸化物の沈殿を防ぐために、わずかに修飾された電解質が用いられます。このメソッドは、適切な分解を行った後に、有機物負荷を伴うサンプル (廃水、飲料、生体液、医薬品、または原油製品) にも用いることができます。

ここで紹介する滴定システムは、ASTM E1899およびEN ISO 4629-2に準じたヒドロキシル価 (HN) の完全自動測定にも用いることができます。このメソッドにより、還流下の沸騰またはその他のサンプル前処理もなくポリオールおよびオキソ油を測定できるようになり、これにより多くのサンプルスループットに対処しなければならないラボにとって大きなメリットとなります。EN 15168およびDIN 53240-3規格は、ASTM E1899にあるのと同じ分析メソッドに引き継がれます。

This bulletin describes a procedure to determine the bromine index (BI) using coulometric titration. The bromine index is the fraction of reactive unsaturated compounds (mostly C=C double bonds) in hydrocarbons encountered in the petrochemical industry. The double bonds are split with the attachment addition of bromine.

This bulletin deals with the automated determination of calcium and magnesium in commercially available finished milk products using a 859 Titrotherm and a 814 USB Sample Processor. Calcium and magnesium in milk can be rapidly and easily titrated thermometrically using a standard solution of Na4EDTA as titrant.Thermometric titrations are conducted under conditions of constant titrant addition rate. The molarity of the titrant is computed automatically in tiamo (software) using the SLO command. Results are reported as mg Ca and Mg/100 mL.

This bulletin discusses automated determination of sodium in milk products available to the public using a 859 Titrotherm and a 814 USB Sample Processor. The sodium content of milk can be rapidly and easily titrated thermometrically with a standard solution of Al3+ as titrant. Thermometric titrations are conducted under conditions of constant titrant addition rate. The molarity of the titrant is computed automatically in tiamoTM (software) with the SLO command. Results are reported as mg Na/100 mL. In addition to this application bulletin, you can find more information on thermometric sodium determination in foods in our application video available on YouTube:https://youtu.be/lnCp9jBxoEs

This bulletin deals with the automated determination of mixtures of HNO3, HF and H2SiF6 in the range of approximately 200-600 g/L HNO3, 50-160 g/L HF, and 0-185 g/L H2SiF6 using thermometric titration.Etch acid mixtures containing HNO3, HF and H2SiF6 from the etching of silicon substrates can be analyzed in a sequence of two determinations using the 859 Titrotherm. The first determination involves a direct titration with standard c(NaOH) = 2 mol/L, followed by a back titration with c(HCl) = 2 mol/L. This determination yields the H2SiF6 content plus a value for the combined (HNO3+HF) contents. The second determination consists of a titration with c(Al3+) = 0.5 mol/L to determine the HF content. For freshly made up mixtures of HNO3 and HF containing no H2SiF6, a linked two-titration sequence is employed. Results from the two determinations are used by tiamoTM to yield individual results for HNO3, HF and H2SiF6.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a Low-Pressure Gradient system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a Dose-in gradient system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This Application Bulletin describes the method of near-infrared spectroscopy in diffuse reflection for the purpose of determining residual moisture in a lyophilized pharmaceutical product. Numerous sample vials containing freeze-dried pharmaceuticals were spiked with varying amounts of water for calibration purposes. The resulting differences in the absorption wavelengths of the OH-oscillation were correlated with the water content determined by Karl Fischer titration using the algorithm of multiple linear regression (MLR).

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a Professional IC Vario system with sequential suppression for anion or cation determination.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a non-suppressed IC system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 1 AnCat system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 1 UV/VIS system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the equipment needed and how to install a ProfIC Vario 1 UV/VIS system with PCR as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the required equipment, how to install a ProfIC Vario 1 system with amperometric detection, plus method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and installation of a ProfIC Vario 6 Anion system with a combination of Inline Dilution and Inline Ultrafiltration.

Learn how to install a ProfIC Vario 6 Cation system for non-suppressed cation or anion determination with Inline Dilution and Inline Ultrafiltration in this document.

This document describes the recommended equipment and installation of a ProfIC Vario 6 AnCat system with a combination of Inline Dilution and Inline Ultrafiltration.

This document describes the recommended equipment and installation of a Professional IC Vario system with combined MISP techniques of Inline Dilution and Inline Dialysis.

This document describes the recommended equipment and installation of a Professional IC Vario system with combined MISP techniques of Inline Dilution and Inline Dialysis.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 8 Anion system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 8 Cation system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 10 Anion system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a ProfIC Vario 11 Anion system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of various MSM suppressor regeneration techniques as well as the method adjustment in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and the installation of a High-Pressure Gradient system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net.

This document describes the recommended equipment and installation of a VoltIC Professional 1 system as well as the method import and handling in MagIC Net and viva.

This Application Bulletin contains installation instructions for semiautomated CVS setups used to measure suppressors, brighteners, and levelers in electroplating baths.

「MVA-20」は、小規模サンプルシリーズにおけるめっき溶液中のサプレッサー、ブライトナー、レベラーの測定のための完全自動システムです。

このApplication Bulletinには、MVA-21/MVA-23の設置ガイドが含まれています。これは、電気めっき浴槽におけるサプレッサー、ブライトナー、レベラーの測定のための完全自動システムです。

全酸価 (TAN) の測定は、石油製品の分析において重要な役割を果たします。この 技術資料では、様々なタイプの滴定を使用した石油製品の全酸価の測定について説明しています。電位差測定は ASTM D664、分光光度測定は ASTM D974、そして温度滴定は ASTM D8045 に準じて解説しています。

This Application Bulletin shows the determination of the total base number in petroleum products by applying different titration types according to various standards.

メトロームのMATi 10 カールフィッシャー水分測定システム（容量法）は、液体や固体サンプルの水分量を全自動で測定できます。 最大 24 サンプルラックに 75 mL のサンプル容器を秤量後セットすれば、あとはシステムが自動で水分測定します。 サンプル容器をアルミホイルでカバーしたままでオートサンプラーにセットおけば、測定待ちの状態での水分蒸発を防いで自動測定が可能です。

The oxidation stability of fats and oils is an important parameter for quality controls in the food industry. Ideally, the determination is made with the Rancimat method, which is suitable for both liquid and solid samples. Its determination takes place directly in the sample or, in cases where this is not possible, in the extracted fat following cold extraction.

The present Application Bulletin contains NIR applications and feasibility studies for NIRSystems devices in the chemical industry. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of a wide variety of samples are part of this bulletin. Each application describes the instrument that was originally used for the analysis, as well as the system recommended for the analysis and the results that were achieved thereby.

The present Application Bulletin contains NIR applications and feasibility studies using NIRSystems devices in the pharmaceutical industry. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of a wide variety of samples are part of this bulletin. Each application describes the instrument that was originally used for the analysis, as well as the system recommended for the analysis and the results that were achieved thereby.

Near-infrared spectroscopy is used for a wide range of analyses. Thanks to its fast and non-destructive determination, NIRS is outstandingly suited to quality control of products and raw materials, whether during production or on the finished product. This Application Bulletin shows NIR applications and feasibility studies from the lacquer and paint industry performed using NIRSystems devices.

The present Application Bulletin contains NIR applications for the determination of important parameters for pulp and paper quality analysis. Each application describes the instrument that was originally used for the analysis, as well as the system recommended for the analysis and the results that were achieved thereby.

The present Application Bulletin describes applications that use near-infrared spectroscopy. Each application describes the used and alternatively deployable spectrometer as well as analysis conditions and results and, where available, information on feasibility studies.