Applications

Karl Fischer titration performs specific and precise water determinations. This is why it is numbered among the most frequently used laboratory methods throughout the world. The accompanying articles for the two webinars on basic principles and troubleshooting with respect to titration summarize certain core information that they contain, including among other subjects the handling of electrodes, the conditioning of titration cells and the significance of drift for Karl Fischer titration.

Even though pH measurement is one of the most often used analytical methods in chemistry and is considered rather simple to perform, several factors have to be taken into account to obtain accurate and precise measuring results. The accompanying article for the two webinars on pH measurement summarizes the most important points. In the first part of the webinar the focus lies on the basics of pH measurement. It gives further insights on which parameters have a direct influence on pH measurement and how to control them as well as electrode selection, maintenance and storage. The second part of the webinar targets troubleshooting of common errors, and tips and tricks for a correct pH measurement in matrices other than simple aqueous solutions.

This article describes a simple and sensitive method for chromium(VI) determination in children's toys. The solution to be analyzed is prepared in accordance with DIN EN 71. Not only VIS detection but also post-column derivatization using diphenylcarbizide are parts of this method. The procedure described here is suitable for the precise determination of hexavalent chromium in the single-digit ppt range and, in addition, fulfils without difficulty the limit value of 10 ppt prescribed by the EU directive 2009/48/EC.

The present article addresses the theory, practical aspects and troubleshooting of potentiometry.

This white paper presents six technical tips that you should consider before taking a pH measurement.

This Metrohm White Paper presents the important role of electrochemistry in the environmental sciences. The applications have to do with basic research for the fuel cell that yields energy from wastewater, the electrical clean-up of contaminated soil and electrochemical CO2 reduction of greenhouse gases for isolating chemical raw materials.

The shelf life of foods and beverages depends among other things on the packaging material used. Metals are ideally suitable for packaging, as they can be laminated with various passivating and food-compatible layers. Electrochemical measurements such as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) make it possible to check the layers for damage.

The coupling of ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) leads to a high-performance measurement system that masters several particularly challenging analyses. It enables for example reliable determination of element compositions, oxidation states and chemical bonds. This information is used, for example, for assessing the toxicity of medications, environmental and water samples as well as foods and beverages.

This article describes a simple method for the determination of seven standard anions (fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate) in accordance with US EPA Method 300 Part A. An IC system is extended to include Inline Ultrafiltration and Inline Eluent Preparation for the analysis.

For the first time, glyphosate determination and that of its primary metabolite AMPA in drinking water using IC with pulsed amperometric detection (flexIPAD) in the low µg/L range are shown. Compared to HPLC analysis with a mass-selective detector, it is a very cost-effective method for determining the glyphosate and AMPA content in water and foodstuffs. With a detection limit at approx. 1 µg/L, compliance with limit values for glyphosate can be monitored in the USA, Canada, and Australia, among others.