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Harmful industrial flue gases like H2S and CO2 cause corrosion of pipes and damage the environment. Adding the correct amount of amines in scrubber solutions, e.g. ethanolamines and methylamines, will neutralize these gases («gas sweetening»). Non-suppressed cation analysis with direct conductivity detection is a straightforward and robust technique for the quantification of monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), monomethylamine (MMA), dimethylamine (DMA), and trimethylamine (TMA) via ion chromatography. Thanks to the high capacity of the Metrosep C 6 column, large volumes can be injected without compromising the peak shapes. The analytical technique can be used at laboratory scale but also for process analysis.

Tafel analysis is an important electrochemical technique used to understand reaction kinetics. By studying the Tafel slope, it reveals the rate-determining steps in electrode reactions, aiding fields like corrosion and fuel cell research. This method helps industries optimize processes and improve device performance by tailoring materials and conditions for greater efficiency.

In this Application Note, hydrogen permeation experiments are conducted following the procedure described in the ASTM standard G148.

This Application Note highlights the use of Metrohm Hyphenated EC-Raman Solutions to monitor the reversible oxidation of ferrocyanide at a gold electrode. Variations of the band intensities with the potential can be used to track relative changes in the concentration profile of ferrocyanide and ferricyanide at the surface of the electrode during cyclic voltammetry (CV).

The Devanathan-Stachurski cell (or «H cell») is successfully used to evaluate the permeation of hydrogen through sheets or membranes. As small amounts of hydrogen pass through the sheet or membrane, a very sensitive potentiostat is required for its detection. A study of the hydrogen permeation properties of different iron sheets is discussed in this Application Note while taking the instrumental requirements into account.

Determination of ammonium ions in ammonium salts and mixtures containing ammonium ion.

Determination of free acid in sulfuric acid («acid shot») solutions employed in the removal of silicate scale in heat exchangers. This method is suitable for acid shot solutions where the silicic acid content is so high that the solutions have gelled.

Determination of concentrated potassium hydroxide solutions which had been used for the etching of substrates containing silicon.

This Application Note describes carbonate determination with ion chromatography in a 50% sodium hydroxide solution. Sodium hydroxide solutions form carbonates through the absorption of carbon dioxide from ambient air. The carbonate content of an NaOH solution is determined using ion-exclusion chromatography with subsequent conductivity detection following inverse suppression. The samples are diluted 1:20 prior to the analysis and – in order to prevent CO2 absorption – stored in closed sample vessels.

Anodizing metal surfaces improves resistance against corrosion and wear. Etching baths can be monitored precisely online with the 2060 TI Process Analyzer or 2026 HD Titrolyzer.